The Punjabi Desi months hold a special place in the cultural and agricultural traditions of Punjab. Unlike the Gregorian calendar that most of the world follows, the Punjabi calendar is deeply intertwined with the rhythms of nature and agricultural cycles.
Each month in this calendar not only marks the passage of time but also reflects the cultural and seasonal transitions that are pivotal to the agrarian lifestyle of the region.
Understanding the Desi Calendar System
The Desi calendar, also known as the Bikrami calendar, has been used in Punjab for centuries. This lunisolar calendar consists of twelve months and is primarily aligned with the moon phases and solar movements. These months are unique in their own right and are celebrated with various festivals and rituals that are deeply rooted in Punjabi culture.
What are Punjabi Desi Months?
The Months of the Punjabi Desi Calendar
Chet (Mid-March to Mid-April)
Chet, the first month of the Punjabi calendar, marks the arrival of spring. It is a time of renewal and rejuvenation. The festival of Hola Mohalla is celebrated during this month, showcasing martial arts, music, and poetry, emphasizing valor and camaraderie.
Vaisakh (Mid-April to Mid-May)
Vaisakh is perhaps the most celebrated month in the Punjabi calendar, marked by the festival of Baisakhi. This festival commemorates the formation of the Khalsa in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh and is celebrated with great fervor, particularly in rural Punjab where it also signifies the harvest of Rabi crops.
Jeth (Mid-May to Mid-June)
The month of Jeth is characterized by the beginning of summer. As the temperatures rise, agricultural activities slow down, and this month often becomes a period of preparation for the upcoming monsoon season.
Harh (Mid-June to Mid-July)
Harh brings the monsoon season to Punjab. This month is critical for the sowing of Kharif crops. The onset of rains is eagerly awaited by farmers, as it ensures a good harvest of crops like rice, maize and cotton.
Sawan (Mid-July to Mid-August)
Sawan is synonymous with the monsoon season in full swing. The fields turn lush green, and the environment is vibrant with life. The festival of Teej is celebrated by women, who perform traditional dances and songs, celebrating the arrival of the monsoons.
Bhadon (Mid-August to Mid-September)
As the rains begin to subside, Bhadon signifies the end of the monsoon season. The festival of Raksha Bandhan is celebrated during this month, symbolizing the bond of protection between brothers and sisters.
Assu (Mid-September to Mid-October)
Assu marks the arrival of autumn. The weather begins to cool down and preparations for the harvesting of Kharif crops begin. This period is also significant for various religious observances and community gatherings.
Katak (Mid-October to Mid-November)
The month of Katak is associated with the festival of Diwali, the festival of lights. Homes and streets are illuminated and people indulge in sweets and festive activities. This month also marks the end of the harvest season.
Maghar (Mid-November to Mid-December)
Maghar brings the onset of winter. The weather becomes cooler and activities move indoors. The festival of Gurpurab, celebrating the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, is observed with reverence.
Poh (Mid-December to Mid-January)
Poh is the coldest month of the Punjabi calendar. Agricultural activities slow down, and it becomes a time for rest and family gatherings. The festival of Lohri, celebrating the end of winter and the arrival of longer days, is celebrated with bonfires and traditional songs.
Magh (Mid-January to Mid-February)
Magh is marked by the festival of Maghi, commemorating the martyrdom of the Forty Liberated Ones. This month signifies the beginning of agricultural activities as the weather starts to warm up.
Phagan (Mid-February to Mid-March)
Phagan concludes the Punjabi calendar year. This month is known for the colorful festival of Holi, the festival of colors, which marks the arrival of spring and the end of winter.
Conclusion
The Punjabi Desi months offer a fascinating glimpse into the cyclical nature of life in Punjab. Each month is distinct, marked by unique festivals, agricultural milestones and cultural practices.
Understanding these months is not just about keeping track of time; it’s about appreciating the deep connection between the people of Punjab and their land, seasons and traditions.
FAQs
What is the Punjabi Desi calendar based on?
The Punjabi Desi calendar is a lunisolar calendar, based on the phases of the moon and solar movements.
Why is Vaisakh an important month in Punjab?
Vaisakh is celebrated for the harvest of Rabi crops and the festival of Baisakhi, marking the formation of the Khalsa.
